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4. DISCUSSIONAs there were no previous investigations onphytochemical screening of baccharis macranthaspecies, the results were compared with othersimilar species of the same genus (6), on Baccharislatifolia, being like this, several secondarymetabolites were detected, with emphasis on theimportant metabolites for anti-inflammatoryactivity, such as phenolic compounds, tannins,saponins, and triterpenoid compounds,particularly monoterpenoids, mainly limonene, allof which were found in abundant quantities. Interms of coumarins on Baccharis genistelloides,detected abundant amounts of this metabolite inthe ethanol extract, as well as high amounts oftannins. As the same metabolites were detectedin baccharis macrantha species in high quantities,it was determined that the species has significantanti-inflammatory activity (9).Regarding the quantification of phenols andflavonoids using the Folin Ciocalteu method, theresults showed that this plant species had a higheramount of total phenols and flavonoids, withvalues of 113 and 53 mg, respectively (1),quantification of phenols in baccharis macranthadetermined 80.1 mg EQ/g of dry extract and 21 mgEQ/g of dry extract for flavonoids.3.4. Statistical analysis When performing the statistical analysis usinganalysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 95%confidence level as shown in Table 4, the p-valueobtained was 0.002, which means that p<0.05,thus rejecting the null hypothesis and acceptingthe alternative hypothesis. Therefore, it wasconcluded that one of the treatment group meanswas different, and a Tukey test was performedwith a 95% confidence level as shown in Table 5. Itwas found that the 18.75% gel and 5.5% Naproxenhad a significant difference, meaning that thesegroups had higher anti-inflammatory activity thanthe 1% Diclofenac and the other gels based on theethanol extract of baccharis macrantha. The18.75% gel was the maximum concentration used,and the fact that the group doesn%u2019t share a lettermeans that it shows a significant difference asshown in Table 4. For verification purposes, asimultaneous Tukey%u2019s 95% confidence interval plotwas also created, where the difference wasvisualized better through whiskers. If the whiskerdoes not contain zero, it means that they aresignificantly different, which confirms that the18.75% gel and 5.5% Naproxen have higher antiinflammatory activity, as shown in Figure 6.336ANALESRANFwww.analesranf.comEvaluacion de la actividad antiinflamatoria de gelesGabriela F. Castelo, Gisella A. Paredes et al.An. R. Acad. Farm.Vol. 90. n%u00ba 2 (2024) %u00b7 pp. 329-338 Table 4. ANOVA statistical analysis of the inflammation percentages of the groups in the anti-inflammationevaluationTable 5. Tukey Test analysis of inflammation percentages of groups in anti-inflammatory evaluationFountain GL SC Ajust. MC Ajust. Value F Value pTreatment 5 2029 405.86 4.55 0.002Mistake 42 3749 89.26Total 47 5778Treatment N Medium GroupingControl 8 59.531 ADiclofenac 1% 8 47.87 A BNaproxen 5,5% 8 40.01 BGel 10% 8 47.34 A BGel 15% 8 50.13 A BGel 18,75% 8 40.73 B