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lower than 20% were selected. Additionally, theseconcentrations were compared with commonlyused commercial gels, with Diclofenac at 1% andNaproxen at 5.5% as dependent variables in mice.Carrageenan at 0.5% was induced in the mice usingthe plantar edema method.2.4. Preparation of the ethanolic extractPrincipio del formularioThe ethanolic extraction was carried out withleaves from the whole and crushed plant, in whicha weight of 152,39 grams of dry leaves wasobtained, and upon crushing them, a weight of183,33 grams. Then, extraction by maceration wasperformed, where the crushed plant leaves wereplaced in an amber flask of 5000 mL with 400 mLof 96%u00b0 ethanol; consequently, two macerationswere performed, the first for the initial 7 days. Forthe second maceration, the same leaves wereplaced, filtered with 380 mL of 96%u00b0 ethanol for 7days, filtering in each of the macerations,obtaining a total of 599 mL of ethanolic extract,placing it in another amber flask.2.5. Fitochemical screeningThe phytochemical screening of the ethanolextract was carried out, which included reactionsto identify the presence or absence of metabolitessuch as flavonoids, coumarins,quinones/anthraquinones, alkaloids, triterpenes,saponins, and tannins/phenolic compounds, whereANALESRANFwww.analesranf.com2.2. Experimental animals Thirty-six male mice of the Mus musculus species,weighing approximately between 30 and 45 grams,were used and divided into 6 groups of 6 mice,each group with similar weight. They weresubjected to a 12-hour fast to ensure greaterabsorption during the administration oftreatments, and kept at appropriate temperaturesin the animal facility of the Faculty of Sciences ofthe Polytechnic School of Chimborazo for theirrespective conservation. This species of mice wasselected because it is considered a commonorganism in in vivo experimentation, due to itsshort generation time, easy breeding, and visiblephenotypic characteristics. Therefore, inducedinflammation could be observed with the nakedeye, making it optimal for measurement. It isworth noting that the guidelines of the NationalInstitutes of Health (NIH Publications No. 8023,revised 1978) were used for animalexperimentation.2.3. Design type An experimental design was used to evaluate theanti-inflammatory activity of 3 concentrations ofgels at 10%, 15%, and 18.75% of the ethanolicextract of baccharis macrantha. Theseconcentrations were chosen because in previousstudies with similar species, it was noted that gelsabove 20% generated adverse reactions and weretoxic to experimental animals. Therefore, gelsEvaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of gelsGabriela F. Castelo, Gisella A. Paredes et al. 331 An. R. Acad. Farm.Vol. 90. n%u00ba 3 (2024) %u00b7 pp. 329-338Figure 1. Scheme for the preparation of ethanolic extract