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interest for anti-inflammatory activity (3). In2008, designed a topical anti-inflammatoryformulation based on Baccharis latifolia, whichwas developed in two main stages: obtaining,identifying, and evaluating the anti-inflammatoryactivity of the hydroalcoholic extract, andevaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of atopical pharmaceutical form. It was concludedthat the pharmaceutical form designed as a gelcream presents a greater anti-inflammatory effectthan the effect observed in the hydroalcoholicextract (6).Since there are not enough studies on thespecies baccharis macrantha, the aim was toevaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a gelwith different concentrations of ethanol extractfrom this plant in mice using the carrageenaninduced plantar edema method (7).Anti-inflammatory activity is important becauseinflammation is a common pathology in society,mainly restricting mobility and dexterity, makingit more difficult to perform daily activities, andalso aiming to identify the important metabolitesin this activity.2. MATERIALS AND METHODS2.1. Plant MaterialLeaves of the baccharis macrantha plant werecollected in the Llucud Alto community in theChambo canton, because as previously mentioned,this species tends to grow in very cold climateswith steep slopes and compact soils, and thiscommunity has the ideal characteristics for thegrowth of this species, as it is located on theslopes of the El Altar volcano, belonging to theprovince of Chimborazo, Ecuador, at an altitude ofapproximately 1700 to 2100 meters above sealevel, with temperatures of 10 degrees Celsiusbelow zero, considered a cold climate withcompact soils, and its collection is difficult duringrainy seasons. 1. INTRODUCCI%u00d3NThe Baccharis genus contains around 400 speciesand is found only in the American continent,mainly in Brazil and the Andes. Around 35 speciesof this genus have been identified in Ecuador,where very few can be found below 1000 metersaltitude, with the majority found at 2400 metersaltitude, making the species baccharis macranthaa subject of research (1,2).The baccharis macrantha species is native toColombia and Ecuador, and is commonly known as%u201cChilco%u201d, %u201cChilca%u201d, %u201cChilco%u201d or %u201cCiro%u201d, dependingon the region where it is found. However, it hasbeen determined that the name %u201cChilca%u201dcorresponds to the Baccharis latifolia species, and%u201cChilco%u201d to baccharis macrantha (3). In Ecuador,it is found in provinces such as Azuay, Bol%u00edvar,Carchi, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Imbabura andTungurahua, and has been used in traditionalmedicine to treat fungal and bacterial infections,inflammation, menstrual and renal problems,among other ailments, using differentpreparations such as infusions or poultices, mainlyusing the leaves (4). It grows vigorously in openterrain with a lot of light, including native shrubs,steep slopes with compact soil, tolerating droughtsand extremely cold climates at an altitude of 1800to 2000 meters above sea level (5).In 2022, it was evaluated the anti-inflammatoryand antioxidant activity of baccharis macranthaspecies by obtaining the total content offlavonoids and polyphenols, and conducting theevaluation through the red blood cell membranestabilizer method using only the plant extract.However, a complete phytochemical screening wasnot carried out for the determination of secondarymetabolites. On the other hand, several studies ofrelated species have found secondary metabolitesthat confer different pharmacological properties,including terpenes, phenols, flavonoids, andcoumarins, which are the main metabolites of330ANALESRANFwww.analesranf.comEvaluacion de la actividad antiinflamatoria de gelesGabriela F. Castelo, Gisella A. Paredes et al.An. R. Acad. Farm.Vol. 90. n%u00ba 2 (2024) %u00b7 pp. 329-338 luego se los trat%u00f3 con los grupos positivos (Diclofenaco al 1% y Naproxeno al 5,5%%) y los geles elaborados, realizando mediciones cada hora por 6 horas. Para el an%u00e1lisis estad%u00edstico se utiliz%u00f3 la prueba de ANOVA del programa Minitab, en el cual se identific%u00f3 una diferencia significativa entre los 6 grupos, por ende, al haber esta diferencia se utiliz%u00f3 el test de Tukey, dando como resultado que los geles al 18,75% y Naproxeno al 5,5%, tuvieron diferencia con los dem%u00e1s grupos, teniendo un mayor poder antiinflamatorio. Se concluye que ciertos metabolitos secundarios de las hojas de baccharis macrantha son los responsables de la propiedad antiinflamatoria a los geles elaborados, teniendo el gel de 18,75% un alto poder antiinflamatorio.