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• Otra segunda fuente natural son los protistas del género Au-
rantiochytrium sp. 18W-13a que acumulan un 13% de su peso
como escualeno (28).
• Nuevos desarrollos tecnológicos a partir de caña de azúcar
como el que ha desarrollado la empresa Amyris Biotecnología,
(Emeryville, CA, USA) o la generación de nuevas levaduras por
biología sintética que lo acumulen (29) y que ya explota la em-
presa Enepret Inc (Lexington, KY, USA) muestran la importancia
de producir este compuesto de la máxima pureza, bajo coste y
con el menor impacto ambiental.
6. CONCLUSIONES
• El escualeno es más que un intermediario metabólico en la
biosíntesis de colesterol, fitosteroles y terpenos.
• Posee una amplia gama acciones importantes en varios siste-
mas biológicos.
• Su amplio uso industrial en cosmética y adyuvante de vacunas
plantea importantes retos medioambientales.
• Son esos desafíos los que actúan como un motor de desarrollo
biotecnológico para una producción más sostenible de este com-
puesto.
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