Page 148 - 80_01
P. 148
Avances
en
artritis
reumatoide
5.
Carmona,
L.;
Gonzalez--Alvaro,
I.;
Balsa,
A.;
Angel
Belmonte,
M.;
Tena,
X.;
Sanmarti,
R.
Rheumatoid
arthritis
in
Spain:
occurrence
of
extra--articular
manifestations
and
estimates
of
disease
severity.
Ann
RheumDis62,
897--900
(2003).
6.
Sociedad
Española
de
Reumatología.
Estudio
EPISER:
Prevalencia
de
las
enfermedades
reumáticas
en
la
población
española.
Merck,
Sharp
&Dohme
España;
2001.
7.
Carbonell
J.;
Cobo
T.;
Balsa
A.;
Descalzo
M.
A.;
Carmona
L.The
incidence
of
rheumatoid
arthritis
in
Spain:
results
from
a
nationwide
primary
care
registry.
Rheumatology
(Oxford)
47,
1088--1092
(2008).
8.
Sanmartí,
R.;
Ruiz--Esquide,
V.;
Hernández,
M.
V.
Rheumatoid
Arthritis:
A
Clinical
Overview
of
New
Diagnostic
and
Treatment
Approaches.
Curr
Top
Med
Chem
13,
698--704
(2013).
9.
Van
Vollenhoven,
R.
F.
Rheumatoid
arthritis
in
2012:
Progress
in
RA
genetics,
pathology
and
therapy.
Nat
Rev
Rheumatol
9,
70--72(2013).
10.
Carmona,
L.;
Cross,
M.;
Williams,
B.;
Lassere,
M.;
March,
L.
Rheumatoid
arthritis.
Best
Pract
Res
Clin
Rheumatol
24,
733--745
(2010).
11.
MacGregor,
A.
J.;
Snieder,
H.;
Rigby,
A.
S.;
Koskenvuo,
M.;
Kaprio,
J.;
Aho,
K.
et
al.
Characterizing
the
quantitative
genetic
contribution
to
rheumatoid
arthritis
using
data
from
twins.
Arthritis
Reum
43,
30--37
(2000).
12.
Bax,
M.;
Heemst,
J.
V.;
Huizinga,
T.
W.
J.;
Toes,
R.
E.
M.
Genetics
of
rheumatoid
arthritis:
what
have
we
learned?.Immunogenetics
63,
459--466
(2011).
13.
Bowes,
J.;
Barton,
A.
Recent
advances
in
the
genetics
of
RA
susceptibility.
Rheumatology
47,
399--402
(2008).
14.
Raychaudhuri,S.;
Sandor,
C.;
Stahl,
E.
A.;Freudenberg,
J.;
Lee,
H.
S.;
Jia,
X.
et
al.
Five
amino
acids
in
three
HLA
proteins
explain
most
of
the
association
between
MHC
and
seropositive
rheumatoid
arthritis.
Nature
Genetics
44,
291--296
(2012).
15.
Gibofsky,
A.
Overview
of
epidemiology,
pathophysiology,
and
diagnosis
of
rheumatoid
arthritis.Am
J
Manag
Care
18
(13
Suppl),
S295--302
(2012).
16.
Ding,
B.;
Padyukov,
L.;
Lundström,
E.;
Seielstad,
M.;
Plenge,
R.
M.;
Oksenberg,
J.
R.;
et
al.
Different
patterns
of
associations
with
anti--citrullinated
protein
antibody--positive
and
anti--citrullinated
protein
antibody--negative
rheumatoid
arthritis
in
the
extended
major
histocompatibility
complex
region.
Arthritis
Rheum
60,
30--38
(2009).
17.
Varadé,
J.;
Figueredo,
M.
A.;
Cano,
S.;
Fuentes,
M.;
Gómez
de
la
Concha,
E.;
Fernández--
Gutiérrez,
B;
et
al.
Association
between
shared
epitope
and
anti--citrullinated
peptide
antibodies
in
rheumatoid
arthritis:
A
systematic
review
and
meta--analysis.
Inmunología
30,
119--127
(2011).
18.
O`Rielly,
D.
D.;
Rahman,
P.
Pharmacogenetics
of
rheumatoid
arthritis:
Potential
targets
from
susceptibility
genes
and
present
therapies.
Pharmacogenomics
and
Personalized
Medicine
3,
15--31
(2010).
19.
Karlson,
E.
W.;
Deane,
K.
Environmental
and
gene--environment
interactions
and
risk
of
rheumatoid
arthritis.
Rheum
Dis
Clin
North
Am
38,
405--426
(2012).
20.
Somers,
E.
C.;
Thomas,
S.
L.;
Smeeth,
L.;
Hall,
A.
J.
Autoimmune
diseases
co--occurring
within
individuals
and
within
families:
a
systematic
review.
Epidemiology
17,202--217(2006).
21.
Goemaere,
S.;
Ackerman,
C;
Goethals,
K.;
De
Keyser,
F.;
Van
der
Straeten,
C.;
Verbruggen;
G.;
et
al.
Onset
of
symptoms
of
rheumatoid
arthritis
in
relation
to
age,
sex
and
menopausal
transition.
J
Rheumatol
17,
1620--1622
(1990).
22.
Jacobsson,
L.
T.;
Jacobsson,
M.E.;
Askling,
J.;
Knowler,
W.
C.
Perinatal
characteristics
and
risk
of
rheumatoid
arthritis.
BMJ
326,
1068--1069
(2003).
23.
Feitsma,
A.
L.;
Worthington,
J.;
van
der
Helm--van
Mil,
A.
H.;
Plant,
D.;
Thomson,
W.;
Ursum,
J.;
et
al.
Protective
effect
of
noninherited
maternal
HLA--DR
antigens
on
rheumatoid
arthritis
development.
Proc
Natl
Acad
Sci
USA
104,
19966--19970
(2007).
24.
Sugiyama,
D.;
Nishimura,
K.;
Tamaki,
K.;
Tsuji,
G.;
Nakazawa,
T.;
Morinobu,
A.;
et
al.
Impact
of
smoking
as
a
risk
factor
for
developing
rheumatoid
arthritis:
a
meta--analysis
of
observational
studies.
Annals
of
the
Rheumatic
Diseases
69,70--81
(2010).
25.
Klareskog,
L.;
Stolt,
P.;
Lundberg,
K.;
Kallberg,
H.;
Bengtsson,
C.;
Grunewald,
J.;
et
al.
A
new
model
for
an
etiology
of
rheumatoid
arthritis:
smoking
may
trigger
HLA--DR
(shared
epitope)--restricted
immune
reactions
to
autoantigens
modified
by
citrullination.
Arthritis
Rheum
54,
38--46
(2006).
26.
Saevarsdottir,
S.;
Wedren,
S.;
Seddighzadeh,
M.;
Bengtsson,
C.;
Wesley,
A.;
Lindblad,
S.;
et
al.
Patients
with
early
rheumatoid
arthritis
who
smoke
are
less
likely
to
respond
to
treatment
with
methotrexate
and
tumor
necrosis
factor
inhibitors:
observations
from
the
145