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most frequently prescribed, was given in 78%of all antibiotic regimens (13). Knowledge ofthe prevalence of colonisation or infection ofdiabetic patients by resistant pathogens,including MRSA, will therefore be important inassessing the extent to which interventionstargeted towards diabetic patients maymitigate the spread of resistant pathogens(14).In the present research work, samples ofdiabetic foot wounds were collected to firstidentify S. aureus and the antibiotic resistancepatterns shown by methicillin-sensitive strainsand, on the other hand, the prevalence ofMRSA.2. METHODSDiabetic foot wounds were studied in patientsbetween 44 and 84 years of age, with anaverage age of 59 years, who presentedhyperglycemia and different complicationsassociated with diabetic foot at differentperiods of time. For the present study,exclusion criteria were not considered, sincethe objective did not involve exclusion orinclusion criteria. With a total of 65 cultures,37 belong to male patients and 28 to femalepatients, all living in the Valley of Toluca,Mexico.For the collection of the sample, it wascarried out under adequate hygiene conditionsto avoid cross contamination. A sterile swabwas used to rub the affected area of thediabetic foot. This swab was placed in Copantransport medium, which allows the growth ofaerobic and anaerobic organisms. The mediumwas stored at room temperature until theprimary passage for reseeding. Despite othertechniques being preferred in hospitalsettings, given the nature of the outpatientprocedure and the costs of other tests, swabculture was preferred.For data such as % of glycosylatedhemoglobin, specific knowledge of thepharmacological treatment and theANALESRANFwww.analesranf.commellitus and the prolonged life expectancy ofdiabetic patients (6).Patients with diabetes are susceptible toinfection related to immunodeficiency,neuropathy, and arteriopathy. A significantreduction in bactericidal capacity andphagocytosis may lead to dreadedcomplications. An infected foot ulcer accountsfor 60% of lower extremity amputations,making infection perhaps the main proximatebasis of this tragic outcome. In a largeprospective study of patients with DFU, theexistence o infection augmented the risk of aminor amputation by 50% compared to ulcerpatients without infection (7).The most common microorganisms isolatedfrom patients with DFI were reported asStaphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcusspp., Enterococcus spp., Proteus mirabilis andanaerobes (8).Although the immunosuppression stateassociated with diabetes is aknown risk factorfor staphylococcal infections, the influence ofdiabetes in the development of MRSA infection(9). Staphylococcus aureus is the mostcommon causative agent in DFIs, and amongthese 23.7% were reported as Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (10).The most important mechanism of thepropagation of MRSA and the othermicroorganisms is contact between people.The most common transfer is from one personto another by means of contaminated hands ofhealthcare/auxiliary personnel who do notwash them correctly between one patient andthe next. Transmission because ofcontamination of healthcare material and/orsurfaces has also been reported and is knownas healthcare-associated infection (HAI) (11).This pathogen presents many treatmentdifficulties, particularly in the provision ofappropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy.Approximately 40%u201350% of all S. aureus isolatesexhibit methicillin resistance which confirmsalmost universal beta-lactam resistance (12).Vancomycin, which the antibiotic that wasIdentification of Staphylococcus aureus andprevalence of Staphylococcus aureusresistant to methicillinJorge Almeida et al.491 An. R. Acad. Farm.Vol. 90. n%u00ba 4 (2024) %u00b7 pp. 489-498