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VOL. 70 (4), 961-999, 2004 VANADIUM - AN ELEMENT BOTH ESSENTIAL AND TOXIC

foodstuffs were collected or bought in 1988, 1992 and 1996 in Ger-
many and analysed (Table 1).

The effect of a vanadium poor nutrition was studied in 14-fold
repetition with a semisynthetic ration and goats.

Fox Pro (Version 2.6 Microsoft) and SPSS/PC + for Windows
(Version 6.0. SPSS Inc.) were used for data handling and statistics.

TABLE 1. Number of the anaylsed samples n1)

Kind of samples, table 898
25
Wheat, rye, red clover, meadow red clover (Table 2) 236
Indicator plants, examination (Table 3) 57
Plant species (Table 4) 173
Seeds, fruits (Table 5) 83
Bulgs of roots, stems, tubes (Table 6) 96
Winter feed of games (Table 7) 130
Plants of different age (Table 8) 235
Insects, mollusc, mammals (Table 9) 109
Animals and man (Table 10) 2.090
Man (Table 11) 1.750
Foods (Table 12) 1.069
Duplicates (Table 13) 574
Tissues, goats (Table 14) 105
Faeces, urine (Table 15)
Faeces, urine, milk (Table 16) 7.630

SUM

n1) = number.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Sources and Uses

Vanadium is present in the earth’s crust at an average concentra-
tion of 110 mg/kg. It exists as a sulphide or in the oxidized form. Of

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