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the therapeutic efficacy of molecular and nano anti-cancer agents (DTXL,DTXL-SPN and Fmoc-Glc6P). Crucially, when compared to U87-MG cellsgrown in the single-channel chips, the cells grown in 2D exhibit a 50-foldhigher IC50 and are obviously more resistant to DTXL therapy. This workalso demonstrates the exceptional behavior of Fmoc-Glc6P, which exhibitsa selective effect on cells, killing cancer cells without harming healthy ornormal cells. Furthermore, the impact of Fmoc-Glc6P, particularly, oncancer cells cultivated in double-channel microfluidic chips, demonstratesthe model%u2019s capacity to more accurately predict in vivo results. Theoutcomes showed that their microfluidic chips may be utilized to evaluatethe anti-cancer effectiveness of different drugs given both systemically andin situ. Moreover, they can successfully replicate the three-dimensionalcomplicated spatial organization of solid tumors in a more complex mannerthan other 3D models. In another study, a novel approach to study thestability and extravasation of self-assembled micelles in real-time using acancer-on-chip model was explored. Here, the author recreated fourimportant barriers (i.e. blood vessels, endothelial barrier, extracellularmatrix and the tumor spheroid), that the nanoparticles must cross to enablethe delivery of the therapies into the tumor. The results of this studyrevealed the interaction between extravasation, micellar stability, andcarrier structure. In brief, this study offers important insights for creatingmore relevant drug delivery systems, through the establishment of areliable testing platform for assessing nanocarrier interactions withbiological barriers. In another study, the authors used a different approach,combining tumor spheroids and microfluidic to study the effects of goldnanoshells conjugated with an anti-MUC1 aptamer (HGNs@anti-MUC1) as aphotothermal therapy for breast cancer (MCF-7 cells) and lung cancer (A549cells). Following irradiation, the evaluated nanoshells demonstratedeffectiveness in decreasing the size and vitality of tumor spheroids. Theauthors compared the effect of this therapy in spheroids of non-tumorouscell lines. The results demonstrate that the internalization of thenanomedicine was less effective than in tumor spheroids, and also that nontumorous spheroids showed less pronounced effects under the sametreatment conditions. The idea that the reaction to heat is tissuedependent is further supported by the fact that spheroids from various celllines had varying treatment outcomes.Understanding the delivery and effectiveness of various nanotherapieshas been made possible through the use of dynamic 3D models, such ascancer-on-a-chip platforms. However, the design of multi-compartmentsystems and the inclusion of cellular heterogeneity are still highly requiredand a critical next step that must be achieve to better mimic cancerphysiology, in these systems. 117 Nanomaterial y NanomedicinaMar%u00eda Vallet , Antonio J. Salinas