Page 267 - 82_ex2

U. Etxeberria, Fermín I. Milagro, Carlos J. González-Navarro, J. Alfredo Martínez
nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol
2001; 96: 1200-4.
156.Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Cheng J. et al. Gut
microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate
metabolism in mice. Science 2013; 341: 1241214.
157.Kimura, I, Inoue, D, Hirano, K, & Tsujimoto, G. The
SCFA Receptor GPR43 and Energy Metabolism.
Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2014; 5: 85.
http://doiorg/10.3389/fendo.2014.00085.
158.Chambers E.S., Morrison D.J., Frost G.. Control of
appetite and energy intake by SCFA: what are the
potential underlying mechanisms? Proc Nutr Soc.
2014: 1-9.
159.Tolhurst G, Heffron H, Lam YS, Parker HE. et al.
Short-Chain Fatty Acids Stimulate Glucagon-Like
Peptide-1 Secretion via the G-Protein–Coupled
Receptor FFAR2. Diabetes 2012; 61: 364-71.
160.Delzenne N, Blundell J, Brouns F, Cunningham K. et
al. Gastrointestinal targets of appetite regulation in
humans. Obes Rev 2010; 11: 234-50.
161.Vinolo MA, Rodrigues HG, Nachbar RT, Curi R.
Regulation of inflammation by short chain fatty acids.
Nutrients 2011; 3: 858-76.
162.Mattace Raso G, Simeoli R, Russo R, Iacono A. et al.
Effects of sodium butyrate and its synthetic amide
derivative on liver inflammation and glucose tolerance
in an animal model of steatosis induced by high fat
diet. PLoS One 2013; 8: e68626.
163.Saemann MD, Bohmig GA, Osterreicher CH,
Burtscher H. et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of
sodium butyrate on human monocytes: potent
inhibition of IL-12 and up-regulation of IL-10
production. FASEB J 2000; 14: 23802.
164.Roelofsen H, Priebe MG, Vonk RJ. The interaction of
short-chain fatty acids with adipose tissue: relevance
for prevention of type 2 diabetes. Benef Microbes
2010; 1: 433-7.
165.Daly K, Shirazi-Beechey SP. Microarray analysis of
butyrate regulated genes in colonic epithelial cells.
DNA Cell Biol 2006; 25: 49-62.
166.Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, Endo TA. et al.
Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the
differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature
2013; 504: 446-50.
167.Backhed F, Manchester JK, Semenkovich CF, Gordon
JI. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-
induced obesity in germ-free mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A 2007; 104: 979-84.
168.Sukonina V, Lookene A, Olivecrona T, Olivecrona G.
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 converts lipoprotein lipase
to inactive monomers and modulates lipase activity in
adipose tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:
17450-5.
169.Yu LC, Wang JT, Wei SC, Ni YH. Host-microbial
interactions and regulation of intestinal epithelial
barrier function: From physiology to pathology.
World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2012; 3: 27-43.
170.Scaldaferri F, Pizzoferrato M, Gerardi V, Lopetuso L,
Gasbarrini A. The gut barrier: new acquisitions and
256 @Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia. Spain
therapeutic approaches. J Clin Gastroenterol 2012; 46
Suppl: S12-17.
171.Jung HC, Eckmann L, Yang SK, Panja A. et al. A
distinct array of proinflammatory cytokines is
expressed in human colon epithelial cells in response
to bacterial invasion. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 55-65.
172.Kagnoff MF. The intestinal epithelium is an integral
component of a communications network. J Clin
Invest 2014; 124: 2841-3.
173.Camilleri M, Madsen K, Spiller R, Greenwood-Van
Meerveld B, Verne GN. Intestinal barrier function in
health and gastrointestinal disease. Neurogastroenterol
Motil 2012; 24: 503-12.
174.Pull SL, Doherty JM, Mills JC, Gordon JI,
Stappenbeck TS. Activated macrophages are an
adaptive element of the colonic epithelial progenitor
niche necessary for regenerative responses to injury.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 99-104.
175.Shirkey TW, Siggers RH, Goldade BG, Marshall JK.
et al. Effects of commensal bacteria on intestinal
morphology and expression of proinflammatory
cytokines in the gnotobiotic pig. Exp Biol Med
(Maywood) 2006; 231: 1333-45.
176.Strober W, Fuss IJ, Blumberg RS. The immunology of
mucosal models of inflammation. Annu Rev Immunol
2002; 20: 495-549.
177.Mason KL, Huffnagle GB, Noverr MC, Kao JY.
Overview of gut immunology. Adv Exp Med Biol
2008; 635: 1-14.
178.de Kivit S, Tobin MC, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A,
Landay AL. Regulation of Intestinal Immune
Responses through TLR Activation: Implications for
Pro- and Prebiotics. Front Immunol 2014; 5: 60.
179.Chung H, Pamp SJ, Hill JA, Surana NK. et al. Gut
immune maturation depends on colonization with a
host-specific microbiota. Cell 2012; 149: 1578-93.
180.Medzhitov R. Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Nat Rev Immunol 2001; 1: 135-145.
181.Metchnikoff II. The prolongation of life: optimistic
studies. Springer Publishing Company 2004
182.Zatorski H, Fichna J. What is the Future of the Gut
Microbiota-Related Treatment? Toward Modulation
of Microbiota in Preventive and Therapeutic
Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2014; 1: 19.
183.Conlon, MA, Bird AR. The Impact of Diet and
Lifestyle on Gut Microbiota and Human Health.
Nutrients 2015; 7: 17–
44.http://doi.org/10.3390/nu7010017
184.yan KK, Seeley RJ. Food as a Hormone. Science
2013; 339: 918-9.
185.Dore J, Blottiere H. The influence of diet on the gut
microbiota and its consequences for health. Curr Opin
Biotechnol 2015; 32: 195-9.
186.Janssen AW, Kersten S. The role of the gut microbiota
in metabolic health. FASEB J. 2015: 29: 3111-23.
187.De Filippo C, Cavalieri D, Di Paola M, Ramazzotti M.
et al. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed
by a comparative study in children from Europe and