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ISABEL LÓPEZ DE SILANES Y MANEL ESTELLER AN. R. ACAD. NAC. FARM.

such alterations and studying how they modify cell biology will help
to better understand the mechanisms involved in human diseases
and will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic modalities.

TABLE 1. List of AU-rich binding proteins (AUBPs)

RNA- Official name Gene Symbol & Subcellular Function Target mRNAs
binding (Ref Seq) localization (examples)
protein
c-fos (1), c-myc
HuR ELAV ELAVL1 Mainly nuclear mRNA (1), p21 (1),
(embryonic (NM_001419) (ubiquitous) stabilization COX-2 (1),
lethal, (1), TNF-a (1),
abnormal translational cyclin A, B1, D1
vision, enhancer (2) (1), iNOS (1),
Drosophila)- IL-3 (1), MyoD
like 1 (Hu (1), p53 (2)
antigen R)

HuB ELAV ELAVL2 Mainly nuclear mRNA GLUT1 (1 and
HuC (embryonic (NM_004432) (neuronal and stabilization 2), NF-M (2)
HuD lethal, sex glands) (1),
AUF1 abnormal translational VEGF, c-myc
vision, enhancer (2)
Drosophila)- GAP-43 (1),
like 2 (Hu ELAVL3 Mainly nuclear mRNA MARCKS (1),
antigen B) (2 isoforms: Msi-1 (1 and 2)
NM_001420; (neuronal) stabilization
ELAV NM_032281) c-myc, GM-CSF,
(embryonic cyclin D1,
lethal, ELAVL4 Mainly nuclear mRNA GADD45, bcl-2,
abnormal (NM_021952) (neuronal) stabilization cyclin D1
vision, (1),
Drosophila)- translational
like 3 (Hu enhancer (2)
antigen C)
hnRNPD Isoforms p42
ELAV
(embryonic (4 isoforms: and p45 are
lethal,
abnormal NM_031370; nuclear; p37 mRNA
vision, destabilizing
Drosophila)- NM_031369; and p40,
like 4 (Hu
antigen D) NM_002138; nucleo-

heterogeneous
nuclear
ribonucleo-
protein D

NM_001003810) cytoplasmic

Numbers in brackets of each individual target mRNAs refer to the matched function shown for each
specific RNA-binding protein.

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